What type of instruction builds upon previously learned concepts?

Cumulative instruction is designed to reinforce and expand upon previously learned concepts. This approach ensures that learners can make connections between old and new information, which enhances retention and deepens understanding. By revisiting and integrating prior knowledge, cumulative instruction allows students to build a more cohesive understanding of the subject matter.

This type of instruction is particularly effective in reading and other subjects, as it helps students recognize patterns, see relationships between ideas, and apply their existing knowledge in new contexts. In contrast, integrative instruction focuses on combining various subjects or themes without a specific emphasis on the accumulation of knowledge. Formative instruction emphasizes ongoing assessments to guide teaching and learning rather than the structured build-up of knowledge. Sequential instruction, while it follows a step-by-step progression, does not inherently require the integration of past concepts in the same deliberate way that cumulative instruction does.