What type of vocabulary refers to words recognized in oral speech?

The choice of listening vocabulary is correct because it specifically refers to the words that individuals can understand when they hear them spoken. Listening vocabulary is a critical aspect of language comprehension and communication, as it encompasses the words that listeners can recognize and interpret in spoken language. This vocabulary often includes words that a person may not use in their own speech or writing, but can effectively understand in a context, such as conversations, lectures, or audio materials.

In contrast, the other categories represent different forms of vocabulary that are used in reading or communication. Reading vocabulary pertains to the words that individuals can recognize and understand while reading text. Speaking vocabulary involves words that a person actively uses when they communicate verbally. Writing vocabulary comprises words that are used in written form. Each of these types serves a distinct purpose in language development and literacy, but for recognition in oral speech specifically, listening vocabulary is the most accurate term.