Which part of speech do the suffixes -er, -hood, -ness, -or, -ist, -ment, and -ity commonly relate to?

The suffixes -er, -hood, -ness, -or, -ist, -ment, and -ity commonly relate to nouns because they often indicate a person, state, quality, or condition. For instance, the suffix -er denotes a person who performs an action (e.g., "teacher" from "teach"), while -hood describes a state of being (e.g., "childhood"). Similarly, -ness transforms adjectives into nouns indicating a state or quality (e.g., "happiness" from "happy"). Each of these suffixes plays a significant role in expanding vocabulary by allowing the formation of nouns that convey specific meanings regarding persons, conditions, or abstract ideas. This understanding is crucial for recognizing how different parts of speech are formed and utilized in the English language.